When you enable the indexing queue, only products that meet the following four indexable criteria will be indexed by Algolia:
- Visible - either in the catalog, the search, or both
- Enabled
- Not deleted
- In stock - unless Magento is configured to show out-of-stock products, too.
Apart from the logs, the queue failures are captured in the algoliasearch_queue_archive table.
In the case of full indexing, though, the product IDs are not logged (as products are picked in batches for indexing). The table captures the timestamp and the cause of the error, but it does not capture the product IDs in the failed job.